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EV Charging Optimization in Colorado

A real-world look at EV charging costs and DC fast charger performance in Colorado, based on Subaru Solterra ownership and daily driving experience.

EV Charging Optimization in Colorado

I pulled 17 months of ChargePoint and Electrify America session history and ran the numbers so you don’t have to. If you own an EV in Colorado like me with my Subaru Solterra ‘ 24 and you want to know what public charging actually costs, whether the DC fast chargers are worth it, and whether EA is as unreliable as people say, here’s the data.

This isn’t a theoretical comparison. The ChargePoint data covers October 2024 through March 2026 an amazing 127 sessions across five operators and a dozen locations in the Denver-Boulder-Fort Collins corridor. The Electrify America data runs October 2024 through January 2026, 26 sessions at five Colorado locations. Same car, same roads, 17 months of real receipts. Its also worth noting that I also have an Electrify America subscription, to try and unlock lower per kWh cost rates.

Both providers suffer from consistent logouts on Android, meaning you have to sign back into your apps sometimes multiple times a month. And ChargePointly enjoys letting you know that terms of service have been updated. If they actually were updated, who knows? Do you have the time to check that when you are pulling up to charge? While Electrify America, whoooo! That app loves to log all the way out and fail to pass NFC at chargers sometimes.

Also worth calling out before we get into the numbers: this entire dataset is built on 100% public charging. No home charging at all during this window. Part of that was a deliberate choice to see what the public network could actually handle. Part of it is a practical reality that does not come up enough in EV reviews. The cable that comes with the Solterra from the dealership is a standard 120V Level 1 cord, and in my experience those cables are too short to be useful unless you can charge in a garage. If your home is not pre-wired for a 240V EV circuit and you do not have a garage setup, that factory cable is not going to cut it for daily driving. Getting a proper home Level 2 setup means either having a pre-wired garage or bringing in an electrician to run new service. Not everyone has that option. This whole experiment was built around what it looks like when you rely entirely on public infrastructure instead.

ChargePoint (Oct 2024–Mar 2026): 127 sessions. ~3,373 kWh paid + 22 kWh free. ~$1,899 spent. Electrify America (Oct 2024–Jan 2026): 26 sessions. 491 kWh. $263.25 spent.

The Data at a Glance

NetworkSessionsTotal kWhTotal PaidAvg $/kWhCharger Type
UCAR/NCAR (Boulder)1083,150.59$1,794.88$0.57L2
Zero6 Energy (Longmont)6159.32$82.84$0.52DC Fast
Markley Motors (Fort Collins)138.30$17.23$0.45DC Fast
Electrify America26490.95$263.25$0.54*DC Fast
Free public (Boulder County + VTP)522.17$0.00L2

*EA TotalCost includes Colorado sales tax; ChargePoint costs are pre-tax. Stripping an estimated ~8% Colorado blended tax from EA brings the pre-tax rate to approximately $0.50/kWh, comparable to ChargePoint DC fast charging once you normalize.

The L2 picture is clear: workplace charging is far cheaper per kWh than anything else on the list, and over 17 months it accounts for the overwhelming majority of total energy delivered. The DC fast chargers, both ChargePoint and EA, are converging on $0.50–0.57/kWh depending on how you account for tax, which means they’re running more expensive per mile than a reasonably efficient gas vehicle. More on that in the cost-per-mile section.

Cost by Network (All Paid Sessions)

pie title Charging Cost by Network (Oct 2024–Mar 2026)
    "UCAR/NCAR L2" : 1794.88
    "Electrify America DC" : 263.25
    "Zero6 Energy DC" : 82.84
    "Markley Motors DC" : 17.23
    "Other ChargePoint" : 2.18

Energy Delivered by Network

pie title kWh Delivered by Network (Oct 2024–Mar 2026)
    "UCAR/NCAR L2" : 3150.59
    "Electrify America DC" : 490.95
    "Zero6 Energy DC" : 159.32
    "Markley Motors DC" : 38.30
    "Free Public L2" : 22.17
    "Other ChargePoint" : 12.34

The cost pie makes one thing immediately obvious: UCAR/NCAR L2 charging dominates both spending and energy delivered. Everything else is rounding error by comparison. That’s mostly a function of having access to workplace charging five days a week. If you don’t have that, your pie looks very different.

UCAR/NCAR ChargePoint: The Workhorse

Over 17 months, 108 paid sessions at UCAR/NCAR ChargePoint stations in Boulder, primarily MESA LAB, with occasional use of FOOTHILLS LAB, CENTER GREEN, and the RAF station in Broomfield. These are Level 2 chargers delivering right around 5.8 kW on average, which is exactly what you’d expect from a 240V L2 station up against the Solterra’s 6.6 kW onboard AC charger.

108 sessions. 3,150.59 kWh. $1,794.88. $0.57/kWh average.

The $0.57/kWh blended rate is the figure that needs context, because it doesn’t tell the whole story. Looking at the data by period, the effective rate has varied considerably:

PeriodkWhCostEffective $/kWh
Oct–Dec 2024425.30$206.95$0.49
Jan–Jun 20251,269.16$768.39$0.61
Jul–Dec 2025973.59$589.76$0.61
Jan–Mar 2026482.54$229.78$0.48

The late-2024 and early-2026 sessions average around $0.48–0.49/kWh. The middle of 2025 runs consistently at $0.60–0.61/kWh. Once you look at actual session receipts instead of just the CSV totals, the reason becomes clear, and it is not a rate increase. It is a time overage fee. More on that in the next section.

The Session Fee Gotcha

Here is where ChargePoint’s billing gets tricky, and the CSV export makes it easy to miss completely.

The CSV gives you a single “Cost” number per session. It does not break out what portion was energy versus what portion was a time penalty. You have to pull the actual receipt to see the breakdown. When I did that, the rate variance mystery solved itself.

UCAR/NCAR sets their ChargePoint pricing with two separate charges:

  • Energy rate: $0.25/kWh, charged for every kWh delivered
  • Session time rate: $0.00/min for the first 4 hours, then $0.10/min after the 4-hour mark

The January 21, 2026 session is the clearest example. The CSV shows 6h 30m, 37.78 kWh, $24.44, which works out to $0.647/kWh and looks expensive. The actual receipt breakdown:

ChargeRateAmount
Energy (37.78 kWh)$0.25/kWh$9.44
Time: first 4 hours$0.00/min$0.00
Time overage: 2h 30m past the limit$0.10/min$15.00
Total $24.44

The energy cost was $9.44. The other $15.00 was a time penalty for staying past 4 hours. If I had unplugged at the 4-hour mark, that session would have cost $9.44 instead of $24.44.

Not every station works this way. The Markley Motors DC station in Fort Collins (Price set by Markley Motors GM 206960) & IN-N-OUT / HARVESTMOON 04 (Price set by Zero6 Energy - 1) set their time rate at $0.00/min, no time penalty at all, just a flat $0.45/kWh (Markley) - $0.52/kWh IN-N-OOUT energy rate. You can stay as long as the session runs.

ChargePoint lets each station operator configure the energy rate and time rate independently, and they do not surface the full rate structure clearly before you plug in. The blended $0.57/kWh I calculated for UCAR/NCAR across 108 sessions has all those time overage fees baked into the total. The actual UCAR energy rate is $0.25/kWh. The sessions that drove the blended average up are the ones where I overstayed and got hit with $0.10/min. The summer 2025 sessions with $0.72–0.80/kWh effective rates were long sessions, regularly 7–8 hours, that ran well past the 4-hour free window.

Before starting any ChargePoint session, check the station details for both the energy rate AND the time rate. If there is a time fee, note exactly when it kicks in and set a phone reminder to move your car before then. A 4-hour session at UCAR costs about $9.44 in energy. A 6.5-hour session at the same station costs $24.44. Same charger, same car, very different bill. The next gotcha is that ChargePoint is discontinuing the text message notification on changes to the cost rate. So if your phone’s push notifications are not on or ChargePoint has an issue sending you the alert. You can spend a decent amount just for parking there.

The sessions are otherwise simple: park at work, plug in, move the car before the 4-hour cutoff if you want to avoid the penalty. The longest session in the dataset ran 8 hours 15 minutes for 44.1 kWh at $36.57. A significant portion of that bill was time fee, not energy.

For context: City of Longmont Power runs around $0.1057/kWh at home. The UCAR energy rate of $0.25/kWh is about 2.4x home rate, which is actually reasonable for a public L2 station. The time fee is the part worth managing.

If you have access to workplace L2 charging, use it. Just know the time rules and set a reminder if the station charges by the minute after a cutoff.

Zero6 Energy / In-N-Out Longmont: The DC Fast Charger Reality

Six sessions at the In-N-Out location in Longmont over the same 17-month window. These are DC fast chargers, and the session numbers prove it.

6 sessions. 159.32 kWh. $82.84. $0.52/kWh average.

Session-level data:

DateDurationkWhCostImplied Avg kW
1/2/202622m 52s18.635$9.6948.9 kW
2/10/202634m 39s27.871$14.4948.2 kW
2/14/202624m 9s15.738$8.1839.1 kW
3/7/202622m 44s14.667$7.6338.7 kW
3/16/202656m 47s47.672$24.7950.4 kW
3/21/202626m 43s34.737$18.0678.0 kW

That March 21st session stands out: 34.7 kWh in 26 minutes at an implied average of 78 kW. The Solterra’s DC fast charge ceiling is 100 kW. The most likely explanation for the apparent high average is that the car accepted a higher initial charge rate at low state of charge, then tapered down as the battery filled and warmed up. The 78 kW figure is an average across 26 minutes; the peak was almost certainly higher at the start and dropped from there.

At $0.52/kWh, these sessions cost 9% less than EA and are considerably more predictable. Every session completed, no aborts, no throttling events. The trade-off versus L2 is straightforward: these sessions cost about $0.04–0.09/kWh more than the UCAR L2 sessions but deliver in 25–57 minutes instead of 3–8 hours. When the route requires it, the math is obvious.

Electrify America: More Data, More Variance

The EA dataset covers 26 sessions from October 2024 through January 2026, covering a 15-month window across five Colorado locations. The headline numbers look similar to ChargePoint DC fast charging at first glance: 491 kWh delivered, $263.25 spent, $0.54/kWh average. But the averages don’t tell the real story here. The variance does.

Sessions by Location

LocationCitySessionsTotal kWhTotal CostMax kW Range
Walmart 5370Longmont20352.28$196.8230–81 kW
Simon Denver Premium OutletsThornton360.03$29.6432–76 kW
Westminster City CenterWestminster137.77$17.1994 kW
BOA COW-066Highlands Ranch119.14$8.4294 kW
King SoopersErie121.73$11.1889 kW

Longmont Walmart is the workhorse with 20 of 26 sessions, which reflects proximity to home and commute routes more than any strong preference for that station.

EA Cost Breakdown (Oct 2024–Jan 2026)

pie title EA Charging Cost by Location (Oct 2024–Jan 2026)
    "Walmart Longmont" : 196.82
    "Simon Denver (Thornton)" : 29.64
    "Westminster City Center" : 17.19
    "King Soopers Erie" : 11.18
    "BOA Highlands Ranch" : 8.42

EA Energy Delivered (Oct 2024–Jan 2026)

pie title EA kWh Delivered by Location (Oct 2024–Jan 2026)
    "Walmart Longmont" : 352.28
    "Simon Denver (Thornton)" : 60.03
    "Westminster City Center" : 37.77
    "King Soopers Erie" : 21.73
    "BOA Highlands Ranch" : 19.14

The Charging Speed Problem

Here is the number that should be on every EA review you read: the MaxChargingRate across these 26 sessions ranged from 30 kW to 94 kW. Same car. Same network. Same connector. You have essentially no way of knowing which end of that range you’ll land on when you plug in.

For reference, here are some notable sessions showing that spread:

DateLocationMax kWkWhDurationNotes
2025-07-05BOA Highlands Ranch94 kW19.1413m 12sClean, fast, no drama
2025-07-18Walmart Longmont79 kW19.9416m 30sGood session
2025-06-30Walmart Longmont93 kW24.8616m 53sGood session
2025-05-03Westminster City Center94 kW37.7729m 7sBest single session
2025-12-31Walmart Longmont45 kW32.1955m 39sModerate, car or station issue
2026-01-31Walmart Longmont49 kW41.251h 15m 45sSlow for the energy delivered
2025-03-29Simon Denver (Thornton)32 kW24.511h 10m 20sThrottled, see below

The difference between a 94 kW session and a 32 kW session isn’t just speed. It is 45 minutes of your life. You plug in expecting a 20-minute top-up and end up sitting there for over an hour.

The Throttling Incident: March 29, 2025, Simon Denver (Thornton)

This is the EA/Solterra compatibility bug documented in real numbers, not forum speculation.

On March 29, 2025, I plugged into an EA station at Simon Denver Premium Outlets in Thornton. The pedestal is rated for 150 kW. The Solterra’s DCFC limit is 100 kW. What I actually got: a 32 kW peak and an average delivery rate of approximately 21 kW across 70 minutes, for 24.51 kWh at a cost of $11.16.

At the Solterra’s normal 50–100 kW acceptance rate, that same 24.51 kWh would have taken 15–30 minutes. Instead it took over an hour.

This is not a fluke or a bad cable. It’s a known compatibility issue between how certain EA station firmware negotiates the charging session and the Solterra’s charging protocol. The session starts, the car and charger handshake, and somewhere in that negotiation the power delivery gets capped far below what either the car or the charger is capable of. Subaru has been aware of this. The fix has been slow to arrive.

The practical lesson: any time you plug into an EA station with a Solterra, watch the charging rate on your dash for the first two minutes. If it’s showing under 20 kW on a DCFC pedestal, unplug and try a different stall, or leave and find another network. Do not assume the session will speed up. In my experience, if it starts slow, it stays slow.

The Charger-Hopping Incident: May 17, 2025, Walmart Longmont

This one is its own category of frustrating. On May 17, 2025, I pulled into the Walmart Longmont EA station and tried four separate pedestals in the span of about eight minutes. All four sessions aborted within 1–2 minutes of starting.

AttemptMax kWkWh DeliveredDurationCost Charged
190 kW1.44 kWh1m 26s$0.73
289 kW1.44 kWh1m 23s$0.73
389 kW1.44 kWh1m 26s$0.73
486 kW1.54 kWh1m 54s$0.78

Total: $2.97 charged. ~5.86 kWh delivered. No usable charge. I drove away and found a ChargePoint station.

What makes this especially aggravating is the MaxChargingRate data. All four pedestals reported 86–90 kW of initial rate, so the hardware was communicating. Something in the session initialization was causing each one to terminate almost immediately. Whether it was a station-side firmware issue, a network outage affecting the payment authorization, or something in the car’s state at that moment, I have no definitive answer. What I do know is that EA billed me for all four attempts. And when you have to have an active method on any EV Charger provider’s network. this can get especially annoying as this will eat up your finances.

The Aborted Session Tax

Across all 26 EA sessions, 6 were effectively aborted, delivering under 2 kWh and terminating in under 5 minutes. This includes the May 17 incident plus two additional single-session failures on July 10 and July 18, 2025.

Total cost for those 6 sessions: $4.84 for 8.66 kWh of energy that didn’t meaningfully move the charge needle. That’s not catastrophic in dollar terms, but it represents sessions where you showed up, plugged in, waited, got almost nothing, and had to figure out a plan B.

When EA Actually Works

It’s worth being balanced here, because the bad sessions are memorable and the good ones are easy to forget.

The Westminster City Center session on May 3, 2025: 37.77 kWh in 29 minutes at 94 kW, was as good as DC fast charging gets on a Solterra. For that trip being a late night trip and not to mention ambiant temp around 60F, that session was quite the positive and most fitting “ideal charging time” on an Electrify America charger. The BOA Highlands Ranch (Electify America) session on July 5, 2025 — 19.14 kWh in 13 minutes at 94 kW — was almost absurdly fast, during which the car battery was very cooled down after a journey down the I-25 corridor and resting at a destination for 4+ hours. The King Soopers Erie session in April 2025 hit 89 kW and finished cleanly.

When EA works, it is fast and the network coverage is genuinely better than ChargePoint for highway travel. The stations I mentioned above had no drama, no throttling, no aborts. Plug in, charge, go.

The problem is you don’t know which experience you’re going to get until you’re already there. That uncertainty has a real cost: in time, in stress, and occasionally in dollars.

Free Public Charging: The Bonus Layer

Boulder County operates a small network of free public ChargePoint L2 stations at several Longmont locations. Over the same 17-month window, I picked up 5 free sessions totaling 22.17 kWh at $0.00. That’s roughly $12 in avoided charging cost at UCAR rates, or about $15 at Zero6 rates, not life-changing, but worth knowing about.

The Village at the Peaks shopping center in Longmont also has free L2 stations. If you’re already planning to park somewhere for 30–60 minutes, plugging in costs nothing and adds a few kWh of range. Free charging won’t replace a dedicated charging strategy, but it’s a useful supplemental option for local errands.

If you’re a Boulder County area resident with an EV, check the ChargePoint app for the Boulder County network before you assume you need to pay. The free stations are real, they work, and on a slow errand they’re genuinely useful.

What I Actually Pay Per Mile

The Solterra’s EPA-rated range is approximately 222 miles on a 71.4 kWh usable battery. That works out to an efficiency of 0.322 kWh per mile under EPA conditions. For comparison, my other vehicle is a 2021 Subaru Ascent, which gets around 26 mpg combined. At $3.20/gallon that works out to roughly $0.123/mile in fuel costs.

Using that efficiency figure and the real-world rates from 17 months of actual sessions:

SourceRateCost Per MileNotes
Home (City of Longmont Power)$0.10570/kWh~$0.042/mileCheapest by far
UCAR/NCAR L2 (blended)$0.57/kWh~$0.184/mileChargePoint, pre-tax
Zero6 Energy DC$0.52/kWh~$0.167/mileChargePoint, pre-tax
EA (pre-tax est.)~$0.50/kWh~$0.161/mileNormalized for comparison
EA (as billed)$0.54/kWh~$0.174/mileIncludes CO sales tax
Blended public average~$0.56/kWh~$0.181/mileAll paid sessions, both networks

For comparison, a gasoline SUV getting 28 mpg at $3.20/gallon costs about $0.114/mile in fuel. Home charging on the Solterra beats that handily. Everything else on the list costs more per mile than a reasonably fuel-efficient gas vehicle.

The takeaway is direct: home charging wins. Running this experiment and relying entirely on public infrastructure produced a lot of useful data, but it also confirmed something pretty clearly: the economics only work if you have access to cheap, slow charging. Workplace L2 is a close second if you can get it, and even at $0.57/kWh blended it is cheaper than DC fast charging. Public DC fast charging, whether ChargePoint or EA, is a convenience service, not a cost-savings strategy. If you have to rely exclusively on public DC fast charging because you lack home or workplace access, the EV cost advantage evaporates compared to a modern hybrid.

Carbon Per Mile: What the Grid Math Actually Says

The cost-per-mile section above makes the financial case for home charging. There’s a parallel question worth answering: what did those same 3,864 kWh actually look like in CO2 terms?

Colorado’s Front Range grid is managed primarily by Xcel Energy. The EPA’s eGRID data for the RMPA subregion (Rocky Mountain Power Area) puts the grid emissions intensity at roughly 0.56 lbs of CO2 per kWh as of the most recent published figures. That number is trending down as Xcel adds wind and solar capacity under its Colorado Energy Plan, but 0.56 lbs/kWh is the honest current baseline.

Applied to the 17-month dataset:

MetricFigure
Total kWh charged3,864 kWh
CO2 from charging (0.56 lbs/kWh)~2,164 lbs (~0.98 metric tons)
Derived miles driven (÷ 0.322 kWh/mile)~12,000 miles (estimated)
Same miles in a 26 mpg gas SUV (19.6 lbs CO2/gal)~9,054 lbs (~4.1 metric tons)
Estimated CO2 avoided~6,890 lbs (~3.1 metric tons)

The ~12,000-mile figure is derived from the kWh total and the Solterra’s EPA efficiency — not pulled from an odometer. Treat it as an approximation. But even with generous rounding, the direction is clear: the EV produced roughly one-quarter the CO2 of a comparable gas vehicle over the same miles, on a grid that is still partially coal and gas.

That said, there’s a meaningful nuance here that most EV carbon comparisons skip: when you charge matters, not just how much you charge.

Colorado’s overnight hours typically carry more wind generation and lower grid demand than afternoon peak hours. Charging at 2 AM on the Xcel grid is not the same carbon calculation as charging at 5 PM when gas peaker plants are running to cover air conditioning load. The difference is real, though difficult to quantify without hour-by-hour eGRID data. What it means practically: if you have any control over when charging happens — overnight timers at home, or choosing a longer L2 session at work over a midday DCFC stop — you’re likely charging on slightly cleaner electrons.

The broader point is that the environmental case for an EV in Colorado is real but not unconditional. You are not driving a zero-emission vehicle in any complete sense on the current Front Range grid. You’re driving a vehicle with a significantly smaller CO2 footprint than a gas SUV, one that will keep improving as Xcel’s grid cleans up without you changing anything about how you drive.

If Xcel hits its 2030 target of 80% carbon reduction from 2005 levels, the same 3,864 kWh of charging would produce roughly 600 lbs of CO2 instead of 2,164 — a reduction of over 70% in charging emissions with no change to the car or driving habits.

Tips for Colorado EV Owners

Based on 17 months and 153 sessions across both networks:

  • Workplace L2 is the highest-leverage charging you can get. The kWh/hour is low, but the time cost is zero. If your employer has ChargePoint stations, treat them as your primary charging source.
  • Set a timer at UCAR stations. The energy rate is $0.25/kWh but after 4 hours the station starts charging $0.10/min on top of that. A 6.5-hour session that should cost $9 in energy ends up at $24 once the time fee kicks in. Unplug before the 4-hour mark or move and restart a new session.
  • Zero6 Energy DC chargers in Longmont are reliable. Six sessions, no aborts, no throttling. The hardware pushes past 50 kW and the Solterra accepts it well at low state of charge. Budget 25–55 minutes depending on how much you need.
  • On EA: watch the charging rate for the first two minutes. If a DCFC session starts under 20 kW, unplug immediately and try another stall or another network. The throttling issue on certain EA stations does not self-correct.
  • Check Boulder County free stations before paying. If you’re running errands in Longmont, the Boulder County and Village at the Peaks free L2 stations are real, working, and cost nothing. Not a strategy, but a useful supplement.
  • DC fast charging is a convenience premium, not a savings tool. At $0.52–0.54/kWh, you’re paying 3.8–4× home rate. Worth it when you need it. Not worth it as a default.
  • Charge during off-peak hours when you can. Colorado’s overnight grid carries more wind generation and lower demand than peak afternoon hours. If you have a home charger with a timer, setting it to start after 10 PM has a small but real effect on the carbon intensity of your charging. At public L2 stations with no timer control, this is less actionable — but it’s worth knowing the grid isn’t flat.
  • Colorado altitude affects real-world range. EPA figures are tested at sea level. On I-70 grades or in cold mountain weather, plan for meaningfully less range than the displayed estimate. Don’t push DC fast charging margins in the mountains.

Bottom Line

153 sessions, 3,864 kWh, and $2,160 across two networks over 17 months. That’s the real picture of public EV charging in Colorado on a Subaru Solterra.

ChargePoint delivered 127 sessions with zero network-level failures. Every session that started completed, including the L2 sessions that ran 8+ hours. The rate variance at UCAR is worth monitoring, but the reliability is not in question.

EA delivered faster peak speeds when everything aligned, and it also handed me a 70-minute throttled session at a 150 kW pedestal, four consecutive aborted sessions in eight minutes at the same station, and six billed charges that delivered essentially nothing. The good sessions are genuinely fast. The bad ones are genuinely bad, and you won’t know which you’re getting until you’re already there.

If you’re considering an EV in Colorado and you have reliable access to home or workplace L2 charging, the economics work. If you’re relying primarily on public DC fast charging, run the cost-per-mile math against a hybrid before you commit. At $0.52–0.54/kWh on a network that isn’t always consistent, the financial case gets thin.

On the carbon side: the Front Range grid isn’t clean by any absolute measure, but 17 months of driving on it produced an estimated 6,900 fewer pounds of CO2 than the equivalent miles in a gas SUV would have. That gap will keep widening as Xcel’s grid continues to decarbonize.

More EV coverage on this blog: if you’re just getting started with EV ownership and want the broader picture on charging types, infrastructure, and what to expect, check out Electric Car Things: A Guide.

This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author.